Pronoun atau Kt. Ganti digunakan untuk menggantikan nama orang atau benda, dan Pronoun dibagi menjadi 8 jenis:
- P. Pronoun: kata ganti orang yang berbicara(orang pertama/P1), orang yang diajak bicara(oang kedua/P2), dan orang yang dibicarakan(orang ketiga/P3) dalam sebuah pembicaraan dibagi menjaadi 2 bagian:
- Subject: kata ganti orang yang melakukan pekerjaan
- I (P1): I am a student
- We (P1): We are students
- You (P2): Nin, what are you? / Guys, what are you?
- They (P3)
- He, She, It (P3): menggantikan nama orang atau benda yang telah diketahui.
- Object: kata ganti yang dikenai pekerjaan
- Me: My brother called me every night
- Us: will you join us?
- You: I wanna visit you
- Them: He tell them a short story
- Him: I call him every night
- Her: He loves her truly
- It: She broke it
- P. Possessive: kata ganti milik benda atau orang dan dibagi menjadi 3, yaitu:
- P. adjective: kata ganti milik yang diikuti oleh kata benda
- my : Indonesia is my country
- our : Mr. Afif is our english teacher
- your : Arif, Anggi is your sister
- their + Noun : That is their house
- his : His name is Fungki
- her : Her mother is a nurse
- its : I have a pen, its colour is blue
- P. pronoun: kata ganti milik yang tidak diikuti kata benda, dengan catatan kata bendanya telah diketahui
- Mine (kepunyaan saya): The laptop isn't yours, it's mine
- Ours (kepunyaan kami): Look at the green house over there! it's ours!
- Yours (kepunyaan kamu): the book which broken is yours.
- Theirs (kepunyaan mereka): The letter isn't ours, but it's theirs.
- His (kepunyaan dia M): the woman wearing skirt isn't my mom, but she is his.
- Hers (kepunyaan dia F): the boy isn't my brother, but he is hers.
- Its (kepunyaan selain manusia): that food is not yours, but it is its
- P. case: kata ganti milik yang menggunakan nama orang/benda sebagai kata gantinya dengan mengambil ('s) baik diikuti kata benda ataupun tidak, dengan catatan orang atau bendanya sebagai pihak ke-3
- Mr. Taemin's motorcycle
- Donghae's handphone
- Gendis' teacher
- Troy isn't Hanum brother, but he's her cousin
- My father's father
- Reflexive P: kata ganti yang memiliki hubungan dengan diri sendiri, yaitu: myself, ourselves, yourself/yourselves, themselves, himself, herself, itself. memiliki 3 fungsi:
- segala sesuatu pekerjaan yang kembali pada subjeknya
- Hanum hurt herself with a knife
- Shera and Anggi looking at themselves in the mirror
- Troy let himself fall into the river
- Oky make herself fool
- digunakan untuk menekankan subjeknya, biasanya reflexive p., diletakan di belakang subjek
- Hanum herself saw you affair
- they themselves did the homework without Mr.Afif's help
- Shera herself cooked that food
- I myself made this cake just for you
- Mr. Afif himself told us not to gather in the language lab after school
- digunakan untuk menyatakan pekerjaan yang dilakukan sendirian, biasanya diawali dengan 'by'
- Hanum stays at home by herself
- Troys and Bianca go to school by themselves
- Mr. Afif is absent today. so, you will study by yourselves
- You have to do your exam by yourself
- that vase fell down by itself
- Introgative P: kata ganti untuk memperkenalkan kalimat pertanyaan menjadi pernyataan.
- Who are you? = I know who you are
- what did you do last night? = I know what you did last night
- where did you put my watch? = My mother asked me where I put her watch
- which Prasetyo do you mean teacher? = You asked me which Prasetyo I meant the teacher/ student
- Relative P: kata ganti yang digunakan untuk menggabungkan 2 kalimat (induk kalimat dan anak kalimat) yang biasanya mempunyai arti 'yang': who,which, whose, whom, that.
- the man who is wearing the glasses is my uncle
- the book which Oky borrowed yesterday is Biology
- May I borrow your pen which you bought yesterday?
- the teacher whose this car is Mrs.Yusarina
- My aunt whose this clothes will go abroad
- the man who you met yesterday is my lecture
- the girl who is Troy talking to is my cousin
- something that I don't like is lying
- that car that it's colour is red is not mine.
- Demonstrative P: kata ganti yang digunakan untuk meunjukan kata benda berada.
- singular: this/that + is/was
- plural: these/those + are/were
- this is my mother and these are my brother
- that is my sister and those are her friend
- this is your tooth and these are his teeth
- that is my son and those are Mr. Santo's children
- Reciprocal P: menunjukan hubungantimbal balik antara subjek.
- each other(saling): hanya 2 noun
- Joni and Jody are blamed each other
- Grace and Troy are looking each other
- Grace and Shera are hugging each other
- Helen and Troy love each other
- one another(satu sama lain): lebih dari 2 noun
- on Idul Fitri day, my schoolmate shake a hand one another
- Indonesian people like to help one another
- religion believers in Indonesia respect one another
- Indenfinit P: menunjukan benda atau orang yang tidak diketahui atau tidak tertentu: all, many, another, none, any, most, some
- all are welcome, please come to my party
- the pen which you lent me yesterday is broken, would you lend me another pen?
- you may ask anything you want
- you may come to my home any time
- most women like shopping
- Hanum bought a lo of dates, she bought us some
- many students were late today
- none of you go to Africa